Black Slave Owners

USA Population Census 1860


Free and Slave Population

STATE

TOTAL POPULATION

TOTAL NO. OF SLAVES

NO. OF FAMILIES

TOTAL FREE POPULATION

TOTAL NO. OF SLAVEHOLDERS

PERCENT OF FAMILIES OWNING SLAVES

SLAVES AS PERCENT OF POPULATION

ALABAMA

964,201

435,080

96,603

529,121

33,730

35%

45%

ARKANSAS

435,450

111,115

57,244

324,335

11,481

20%

26%

CALIFORNIA

379,985

0

98,767

379,994

0

0%

0%

CONNECTICUT

460,138

0

94,831

460,147

0

0%

0%

DELAWARE

112,216

1,798

18,966

110,418

587

3%

2%

FLORIDA

140,424

61,745

15,090

78,679

5,152

34%

44%

GEORGIA

1,057,286

462,198

109,919

595,088

41,084

37%

44%

ILLINOIS

1,711,942

0

315,539

1,711,951

0

0%

0%

INDIANA

1,350,419

0

248,664

1,350,428

0

0%

0%

IOWA

674,904

0

124,098

674,913

0

0%

0%

KANSAS

107,206

2

21,912

107,204

2

0%

0%

KENTUCKY

1,155,684

225,483

166,321

930,201

38,645

23%

20%

LOUISIANA

708,002

331,726

74,725

376,276

22,033

29%

47%

MAINE

628,270

0

120,863

628,279

0

0%

0%

MARYLAND

687,049

87,189

110,278

599,860

13,783

12%

13%

MASSACHUSETTS

1,231,057

0

251,287

1,231,066

0

0%

0%

MICHIGAN

749,104

0

144,761

749,113

0

0%

0%

MINNESOTA

172,014

0

37,319

172,023

0

0%

0%

MISSISSIPPI

791,305

436,631

63,015

354,674

30,943

49%

55%

MISSOURI

1,182,012

114,931

192,073

1,067,081

24,320

13%

10%

NEBRASKA

28,841

15

5,931

28,826

6

0%

0%

NEVADA

6,848

0

2,027

6,857

0

0%

0%

NEW HAMPSHIRE

326,064

0

69,018

326,073

0

0%

0%

NEW JERSEY

672,035

0

130,348

672,017

0

0%

0%

NEW YORK

3,880,726

0

758,420

3,880,735

0

0%

0%

NORTH CAROLINA

992,622

331,059

125,090

661,563

34,658

28%

33%

OHIO

2,339,502

0

434,134

2,339,511

0

0%

0%

OREGON

52,456

0

11,063

52,465

0

0%

0%

PENNSYLVANIA

2,906,206

0

524,558

2,906,215

0

0%

0%

RHODE ISLAND

174,611

0

35,209

174,620

0

0%

0%

SOUTH CAROLINA

703,708

402,406

58,642

301,302

26,701

46%

57%

TENNESSEE

1,109,801

275,719

149,335

834,082

36,844

25%

25%

TEXAS

604,215

182,566

76,781

421,649

21,878

28%

30%

VERMONT

315,089

0

63,781

315,098

0

0%

0%

VIRGINIA

1,596,318

490,865

201,523

1,105,453

52,128

26%

31%

WISCONSIN

775,872

0

147,473

775,881

0

0%

0%

Total

31,183,582

3,950,528

5,155,608

27,233,198

393,975

8%

13%



Kindle Available
Madam Walker
On Her Own Ground: The Life and Times of Madam C.J. Walker

The daughter of slaves, Madam C. J. Walker was orphaned at seven, married at fourteen and widowed at twenty. She spent the better part of the next two decades laboring as a washerwoman for $1.50 a week. Building a storied beauty empire from the ground up, amassing wealth unprecedented among black women and devoting her life to philanthropy and social activism.
Kindle Available
Maps of Bull Run
The Maps of First Bull Run: An Atlas of the First Bull Run (Manassas) Campaign, including the Battle of Ball's Bluff, June-October 1861

The Maps of First Bull Run breaks down the entire operation (and related actions) into numerous map sets or "action-sections" enriched with more than fifty full-color original full-page maps. These cartographic originals bore down to the regimental and battery level and include the march to and from the battlefield and virtually every significant event in between.
Kindle Available
A Slave No More
A Slave No More: Two Men Who Escaped to Freedom, Including Their Own Narratives of Emancipation

A mere handful are first-person accounts by slaves who ran away and freed themselves. Now two newly uncovered narratives, and the biographies of the men who wrote them, join that exclusive group with the publication
Kindle Available
Raising freedoms child slavery
Raising Freedom's Child: Black Children and Visions of the Future After Slavery

Previously untapped documents and period photographs casts a dazzling, fresh light on the way that abolitionists, educators, missionaries, planters, politicians, and free children of color envisioned the status of African Americans after emancipation
Kindle Available
Negro Civil War

The Negro's Civil War: How American Blacks Felt and Acted During the War for the Union
In this classic study, Pulitzer Prize-winning author James M. McPherson deftly narrates the experience of blacks--former slaves and soldiers, preachers, visionaries, doctors, intellectuals, and common people--during the Civil War
Kindle Available
Many Thousands Gone

Many Thousands Gone: The First Two Centuries of Slavery in North America
The evolution of black society from the first arrivals in the early seventeenth century through the Revolution
Kindle Available
Black Slaveowners

Black Slaveowners: Free Black Slave Masters in South Carolina, 1790-1860
An analysis of all aspects and particularly of the commercialism of black slaveowning debunks the myth that black slaveholding was a benevolent institution based on kinship, and explains the transition of black masters from slavery to paid labor.
Kindle Available

Men of Fire: Grant, Forrest, and the Campaign That Decided the Civil War
In the winter of 1862, on the border between Kentucky and Tennessee, two extraordinary military leaders faced each other in an epic clash that would transform them both and change the course of American history forever


Civil War Book Titles
Documents of the Civil War
Civil War Exhibits
Young Reader Selections
Civil War Summary
Women in the War
Civil War Cooking
Civil War Picture Album
General Robert E. Lee
General Ulysses S. Grant


Source:
Library of Congress
National Park Service
Department of the Interior

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