Gaines' Mill
Seven Days Battle
First Cold Harbor
Civil War Virginia

American Civil War
June 27, 1862

Peninsular Campaign Map

This was the third of the Seven Days' Battles.

On June 27, 1862, General Robert E. Lee renewed his attacks against Porter's V Corps, which had established a strong defensive line behind Boatswain's Swamp north of the Chickahominy River.

Porter's reinforced V Corps held fast for the afternoon against disjointed Confederate attacks, inflicting heavy casualties.

At dusk, the Confederates finally mounted a coordinated assault that broke Porter's line and drove his soldiers back toward the river.

The Federals retreated across the river during the night.

Defeat at Gaines' Mill convinced McClellan to abandon his advance on Richmond and begin the retreat to James River. Gaines' Mill saved Richmond for the Confederacy in 1862.

Result(s): Confederate victory

Location: Hanover County

Campaign: Peninsular Campaign (March-September 1862) next battle in campaign previous battle in campaign

Date(s): June 27, 1862

Principal Commanders: Brigadier General Fitz John Porter [US]; General Robert E. Lee [CS]

Forces Engaged: 91,232 total (US 34,214; CS 57,018)

Estimated Casualties: 15,500 total (US 6,800; CS 8,700)


Gaines Mill


Note the Mill Stone left at the ruins

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Sources:
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